Thì Tương lai đơn và Tương lai tiếp diễn cũng là 2 thì có tần suất xuất hiện rất cao trong đề thi chính thức của TOEIC. Ngoài ra thì tương lai còn có thì tương lai gần cũng dễ gây nhầm lẫn cho các bạn.
Để hiểu rõ hơn về những thì này, các bạn có thể theo dõi ở bảng so sánh dưới đây.
I. Cấu trúc:
TL ĐƠN
TL TIẾP DIỄN
TL GẦN
(+) S + will/shall + V-inf
(-) S + will/shall + not + V-inf
(?) Will/Shall + S + V-inf?
Yes, S + will/shall
No, S + will/shall + not
V-inf: động từ nguyên thể không "to".
- I/ We + shall
- I/ We/ You/ He/ She... + will
- will/shall = 'll
- will not = won't
- shall not = shan't
Ex:
- She will be a good mother.
- We will go to England next year.
S + will + be + V-ing
Ex:
- Will you be waiting for
her when her plane arrives tonight?
- Don't phone me between
7 and 8. We'll be having dinner then.
1. Dự định sẽ làm gì S + am/is/are + going to + V-inf
Ex: Where are you going to
spend your holiday?
2. Sắp sửa làm gì S + am/is/are + V-inf
Ex: My father is retiring.
II. Cách sử dụng:
TL ĐƠN
TL TIẾP DIỄN
TL GẦN
1. Diễn đạt một quyết định
ngay tại thời điểm nói.
Ex: Oh, I've left the door open. I will go and shut it.
2. Diễn đạt lời dự đoán không
có căn cứ.
Ex:
- People won’t go to Jupiter before
the 22nd century.
- Who do you think will get the job?
3. Dùng trong câu đề nghị.
Ex:
- Will you shut the door?
- Shall I open the window?
- Shall we dance?
4. Câu hứa hẹn
Ex: I promise I will call you as
soon as i arrive.
1. Diễn đạt một hành động
đang xảy ra tại một thời
điểm xác định ở tương lai.
Ex:
- At 10 o'clock tomorrow morning
he will be working.
- I will be watching TV at 9
o'clock tonight.
2. Diễn đạt hành động đang
xảy ra ở tương lai thì có 1
hành động khác xảy ra.
Ex:
- I will be studying when you
return this evening.
- They will be travelling in
Italy by the time you arrive here.
1. Diễn đạt một kế hoạch,
dự định.
Ex:
- I have won $1,000. I am
going to buy a new TV.
- When are you going
to go on holiday?
2. Diễn đạt một lời dự đoán
dựa vào bằng chứng ở hiện tại.
Ex:
- The sky is very black. It is
going to snow.
- I crashed the company car.
My boss isn’t going to bevery happy!
III. Phân biệt TL đơn – TL gần
TL ĐƠN
TL GẦN
- Ta dùng will khi quyết định làm điều gì đó vào lúc nói, không quyết định trước.
Ex:
Tom: My bicycle has a flat tyre. Can you repair it for me?
Father: Okay, but I can't do it right now. I will repair it tomorrow.
- Ta dùng be going to khi đã quyết định làm điều gì đó rồi, lên lịch sẵn để làm rồi.
Ex:
Mother: Can you repair Tom's bicycle? It has a flat type.
Father: Yes, I know. He told me. I'm going to repair it tomorrow.
IV. Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
TL ĐƠN
TL TIẾP DIỄN
TL GẦN
• tomorrow
• next day/week/month...
• someday
• soon
• as soon as
• until...
...
• at this time tomorrow
• at this moment next year
• at present next Friday
• at 5 p.m tomorrow...
Để xác định được thì tương lai gần,
cần dựa vào ngữ cảnh và các
bằng chứng ở hiện tại.
BÀI TẬP
1) You are busy.Tina and I (gladly, rake) __________the yard. .
3) I ruined that piece of pottery. I (simply, make) ______ another one.
3) Our staff (not, attend) _____ the Convention this year.
4) In order to earn a badge, the scouts (learn) _______ to tie knots this Thursday.
5) Our muscles are hurting. I guess we (not, exercise) _______ much today.
6) The police (probably, catch) ___ ______ the bank robber.
7) The Fergusons (fishing) ______ while they are on vacation.
8) Stan, you (not, play)___ _____ any solos in the jazz concert tomorrow.You have not practiced enough.
9) Savannah is allergic to shellfish. She (never, eat) _____ lobster again.
10) The forecast says that it (rain) ______ all night.
11) Grandma (not smile) _______ when she answers the door.
12) We are almost late for dinner with our parents. I am afraid we (not, arrive) ___ _____on time.
13. The baseball team (travel) ______ to Florida for the playoffs?
14) The Fergusons (not fishing) _______ while they are on vacation.
15) In order to earn a badge, the scouts (learn) _______ to tie knots this Thursday.
16) Seth (always, drive) _______ his 1975 Mustang. He loves that car. 3) Our staff (not, attend) _____ the Convention this year.
1) You are busy.Tina and I (gladly, rake) _____will gladly rake______the yard. .
3) I ruined that piece of pottery. I (simply, make) ___will simply make____ another one.
3) Our staff (not, attend) __is not going to attend___ the Convention this year.
4) In order to earn a badge, the scouts (learn) _will be learning______ to tie knots this Thursday.
5) Our muscles are hurting. I guess we (not, exercise) ___will not exercise ____ much today.
6) The police (probably, catch) ___ will probably catch ______ the bank robber.
7) The Fergusons (fishing) __will be fishing_____ while they are on vacation.
8) Stan, you (not, play)___ will not play _____ any solos in the jazz concert tomorrow.You have not practiced enough.
9) Savannah is allergic to shellfish. She (never, eat) _is never going to eat____ lobster again.
10) The forecast says that it (rain) _will be raining_____ all night.
11) Grandma (not smile) __won’t be smiling_____ when she answers the door.
12) We are almost late for dinner with our parents. I am afraid we (not, arrive) ___ will not arrive _____on time.
13. Is The baseball team (travel) __going to travel_____ to Florida for the playoffs?
14) The Fergusons (not fishing) __won’t be fishing_____ while they are on vacation.
15) In order to earn a badge, the scouts (learn) _will be learning______ to tie knots this Thursday.
16) Seth (always, drive) ___is always going to drive____ his 1975 Mustang. He loves that car. 3) Our staff (not, attend) __is not going to attend___ the Convention this year.
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